Lord’s Supper – In likeness to the Jewish Passover the Lord’s Supper was instituted by Jesus as a memorial to his coming sacrificial death and shedding of His blood for the remission of sin. The Lord’s Supper is observed as a memorial to His death, burial and resurrection even to this day by all true believers, that is, all who believe Jesus Christ is the messiah and savior of all saints. (See Matt. 26:17-30).

The Lord’s Supper takes its roots in the Jewish Passover through similarities and meanings. The Passover and its purpose is recorded in Ex. 12:1-14 and is very detailed in its observance. In Ex. 12:14 the following is stated: “Now this day will be a memorial to you, and you shall celebrate it as a feast to the LORD; throughout your generations you are to celebrate it as a permanent ordinance.” (NAS) This memorial is strictly a Jewish celebration of God’s saving Israel from the bondage of slavery from Egypt. This feast became part of Jewish law.

When Jesus established the Lord’s Supper it was meant to replace the Passover upon His death, just as the New Covenant was meant to replace the Old Covenant. In Matt 5:17 the Scriptures read: “Do not think that I came to abolish the Law or the Prophets; I did not come to abolish, but to fulfill.” (NAS) At Christ death the New Covenant was put in place along with the Lord’s Supper. The slavery of Israel to Egypt, and the memorial of the Passover to remember God’s deliverance from that slavery, was a foreshadow of Jesus death and resurrection for the deliverance of His people from their bondage of sin. The Lord’s Supper was then instituted by Christ as a memorial to this event. (See Rom.7:14 and Gal. 4:3-5).

The implementation of the Lord’s Supper is described in 1 Cor. 11:20-34 and is much simpler then the Passover. The Lord’s Supper does not require an animal sacrifice, because Christ became the permanent substitute as symbolic by the lamb. (See Is. 53:7, John 1:36 and 1 Peter 1:19).

Unlike the Passover, which was to be observed once a year, the Lord’s Supper could be observed as often as the Christian community liked. However, like the Passover the Lord’s Supper came with a warning attached. (See 1 Cor. 11:27-34).

Today the Lord’s Supper is observed by all of Christendom and carries various meaning to different groups. To the Catholic it is part of their sacraments and carries more weight then just a memorial. They believe in transubstantiation, the belief that the bread and wine at some point in the observance turns literally into the blood and body of Christ himself. The Lutherans believe in consubstantiation, the belief that the bread and the wine do no turn into Christ blood and body, but believe that Christ is somehow physical present and part of the event. To the reformed and Baptist groups it is viewed as one of two ordinances of the church, baptism being the second and is strictly a symbolic event, that is, the bread and wine represent in symbolism the blood and body of Christ as the sacrificial lamb – slain for the remission of sins.

Eternal State – Eternal State is a theological term and is not found in the Scriptures as a word phrase. This theological term is used as a subject matter to explain the final destination of man soul in light of eternity. To understand this concept one must understand the doctrine of Man, Heaven, Hell, and Eschatology.

Man – In Gen. 3 we read of God’s creation of man and the first mention of the concept of time in reference to eternity. In Gen 3:22-24 we read: “Then the LORD God said, "Behold, the man has become like one of Us, knowing good and evil; and now, lest he stretch out his hand, and take also from the tree of life, and eat, and live forever--therefore the LORD God sent him out from the garden of Eden, to cultivate the ground from which he was taken. So He drove the man out; and at the east of the garden of Eden He stationed the cherubim, and the flaming sword which turned every direction, to guard the way to the tree of life.” (NAS)

In light of God’s time, if man were to eat of “the tree of the knowledge of good and evil”, man would have lived in his present state forever. At that point in time, what was that state? Man was a living being in human body form, and under the penalty of death, for we also read in Gen 2:15-17: “And the LORD God commanded the man, saying, From any tree of the garden you may eat freely; but from the tree of the knowledge of good and evil you shall not eat, for in the day that you eat from it you shall surely die.” (NAS) If man ate of the tree of “the knowledge of good and evil” man would have had eternal life in a world under a curse from God. Thus, God spared man by allowing man to die physically. However, the Scriptures also teach that man was also spiritually dead to God, and after physical death man would end up dieing a second death, seen also as an eternal state. (See, Rev. 20:13-15).

Heaven – Heaven is spoken in terms of a resting place for those that have believed and place faith in the Lord Jesus Christ (John 14:6), and is seen as temporary until the time of our eternal state. Acts 3:19-21: “Repent therefore and return, that your sins may be wiped away, in order that times of refreshing may come from the presence of the Lord; and that He may send Jesus, the Christ appointed for you, whom heaven must receive until the period of restoration of all things about which God spoke by the mouth of His holy prophets from ancient time.” (NAS)

Hell – The Scripture teach that hell is a real place as we read in Matt 10:27-28: “And do not fear those who kill the body, but are unable to kill the soul; but rather fear Him who is able to destroy both soul and body in hell.” (NAS) And in 2 Peter 2:4 we read: “or if God did not spare angels when they sinned, but cast them into hell and committed them to pits of darkness, reserved for judgment.” (NAS) This place is also a temporary place.

Based on the Scriptures the Eternal State is defined in light of spiritual life and death. Rev 20:13-15 says: “And the sea gave up the dead which were in it, and death and Hades gave up the dead which were in them; and they were judged, every one of them according to their deeds. And death and Hades were thrown into the lake of fire. This is the second death, the lake of fire. And if anyone's name was not found written in the book of life, he was thrown into the lake of fire.” (NAS) This is what the Scriptures refer to as the second death, and is the final eternal state for those without faith in the work of Jesus Christ. (See: John 3:36, John 5:24, John 8:51, John 11:25-26).

Eschatology – is the study of “Last things” to come. In light of this doctrine, the “Eternal State” is defined in Revelation chapter 21. Revelation is the last book of the Bible and gives details of the last moments in time for man, before God ends the age of sin and ushers in the Eternal State of man. Chapters 21 and 22 illustrates the final destination of man's “Eternal State”, either with God in the New Heaven and New Earth or separated from God in the Lake of Fire..